{"id":1068,"date":"2020-08-26T09:33:00","date_gmt":"2020-08-26T09:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/clinlabint.3wstaging.nl\/tracking-unstable-chromosomes-helps-predict-lung-cancers-return\/"},"modified":"2021-01-08T11:09:30","modified_gmt":"2021-01-08T11:09:30","slug":"tracking-unstable-chromosomes-helps-predict-lung-cancers-return","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/clinlabint.com\/tracking-unstable-chromosomes-helps-predict-lung-cancers-return\/","title":{"rendered":"Tracking unstable chromosomes helps predict lung cancer\u2019s return"},"content":{"rendered":"

Scientists at the Francis Crick Institute and UCL have found that unstable chromosomes within lung tumours increase the risk of cancer returning after surgery, and have used this new knowledge to determine the risk of relapse up to a year before the cancer returns. These are the first findings from the Cancer Research UK-funded TRACERx lung cancer study.<\/span>
\nTRACERx is the first study to look at the evolution of cancer in real time and immense detail. Researchers followed patients all the way from diagnosis through to either disease relapse or cure after surgery, tracking and analysing how their cancer developed.<\/span>
\nProfessor Charles Swanton, the study’s lead researcher based at the Crick, said: "The TRACERx study is Cancer Research UK’s single biggest investment in lung cancer, and for the first time we’ve revealed new insights into how tumours evolve and evade treatment, a leading cause of cancer death.<\/span>
\n"We believe that this invaluable data generated during TRACERx will be seized upon by research teams across the world, helping us to answer more questions about lung cancer biology. We’ve only scraped the surface in terms of what is possible by looking at tumour evolution in such detail."<\/span>
\nIn one study scientists analysed tumours from 100 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. They found that unstable chromosomes are the driving force behind genetic diversity within tumours.<\/span>
\nThey also showed that patients with a high proportion of unstable chromosomes in their tumour were more than four times more likely to have their cancer return, or die from their disease, within two years.<\/span>
\nThis is because genetically diverse tumours are more likely to evolve, spread and become drug resistant, making a patient’s cancer much harder to treat.<\/span>
\nDr Mariam Jamal-Hanjani, lead author based at the UCL Cancer Institute, said: "Determining the relationship between diversity within tumours and patient survival is one of the primary goals of TRACERx, so to find evidence for this so early on in the study is really encouraging.<\/span>
\n"We’ve also identified what causes lung cancer to advance, providing us with insight into the biological processes that shape the evolution of the disease."<\/span>
\nArmed with this discovery, researchers conducted a second study, published today in Nature, to investigate whether this genetic diversity could be tracked clinically.<\/span>
\nUsing blood samples from 96 of the 100 patients, they demonstrated that the patchwork of genetic faults present in non-small cell lung cancer, could be monitored using bits of DNA in the blood that have broken off from a tumour (circulating tumour DNA).<\/span>
\nThey then analysed blood taken from 24 patients after surgery for NSCLC, and accurately identified more than 90 per cent of those destined to relapse – up to a year before clinical imaging could confirm the disease’s return.<\/span>
\nThis finding opens up numerous opportunities for new drug trials in lung cancer to try to prevent relapse.<\/span>
\nMonitoring benefit from chemotherapy after surgery is not currently possible as there are often no clinical signs of disease.<\/span>
\nWith this in mind, the team also compared circulating tumour DNA levels immediately before and after chemotherapy was given to patients following surgery. When levels of tumour DNA in the blood were not reduced following chemotherapy, the disease returned, suggesting that at least part of the tumour had become resistant to treatment.<\/span>
\nThe results provide a new means to monitor treatment after surgery, and point to an avenue for new treatments to target parts of the tumour that are resistant to existing approaches.<\/span><\/p>\n

Francis Crick Institute<\/span>
\nwww.crick.ac.uk\/news\/science-news\/2017\/04\/26\/tracking-unstable-chromosomes-helps-predict-lung-cancers-return\/<\/link><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Scientists at the Francis Crick Institute and UCL have found that unstable chromosomes within lung tumours increase the risk of cancer returning after surgery, and have used this new knowledge to determine the risk of relapse up to a year before the cancer returns. These are the first findings from the Cancer Research UK-funded TRACERx […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1068","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-e-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/clinlabint.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1068"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/clinlabint.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/clinlabint.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clinlabint.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clinlabint.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1068"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/clinlabint.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1068\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/clinlabint.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1068"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clinlabint.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1068"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/clinlabint.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1068"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}