Urinalysis may provide evidence of significant renal disease in asymptomatic patients. The microscopic urinalysis is vital to making diagnoses in many asymptomatic cases, including urinary tract infection, urinary tract tumors, occult glomerulonephritis, and interstitial nephritis. Presence or absence of different particles in urine sediment is crucial for clinical decision making. Urine sediment cells or particles […]
by Dr Petraki Munujos The antinuclear antibodies (ANA) determination is one of the most commonly used techniques in the autoimmunity clinical laboratory. Far from being outdated, indirect immunofluorescence (IF) is a powerful laboratory tool not only for clinical diagnostics, but for disease follow-up and prognosis estimation as well. Unlike other more precise quantitative techniques, IF […]
Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) is an indispensable method for autoantibody diagnostics, providing high sensitivity and specificity together with a broad antigenic spectrum. However, the microscopic evaluation of the fluorescence patterns is both time-consuming and challenging for laboratory staff, and is, moreover, based on subjective interpretation. Laboratories are increasingly turning to automated systems to facilitate and standardize […]
by Carrie A. Chadwick The relationship between anti-glycolipid antibodies and peripheral neuropathies has for many years been studied by laboratory investigations because of the antibody-phenotype associations identified. This has led to the discovery of a number of peripheral nerve conditions affected by the presence of anti-glycolipid antibodies. This article describes some of the conditions associated […]
Recent years have witnessed the growing use of mass spectrometry (MS) in the clinical laboratory. MS provides massive improvements in the sensitivity and specificity of clinical tests. It does this by using an ionized molecule’s mass/charge (m/z) ratio for identification.MS has its roots in the screening and fingerprinting of molecules in drugs of abuse. Over […]
Ovarian cancer is difficult to diagnose early, with consequent poor survival. Evidence suggests many cases may originate in precursor lesions in the fallopian tubes. Differential expression of specific proteins in the fallopian tubes of women with high-grade serous ovarian cancer, detected by immunohistochemistry, shows promise as a potential novel diagnostic marker. by Dr Kezia Gaitskell […]
Metastatic breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous, rapidly evolving and devastating disease that challenges our ability to find curative therapies. RAS pathway activation is an understudied research area in breast cancer. EGFR/RAS pathway activation is prevalent in breast cancer with poor prognosis. The prognostic RAS pathway biomarkers can be used to identify resistant tumour clones, […]
Cervical cancer is mainly caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The Pap test is the gold standard for early cervical cancer diagnosis. However, the lack of Pap test accessibility accounts for the high rates of cervical cancer mostly in developing regions. Here we discuss recent proteomic approaches towards the development of novel diagnostic and […]
There are promising results regarding the use of antibodies for the diagnosis of cervical cancer (CC). This article reviews the antibody response against HPV proteins during the development of the disease as well as their possible use as biomarkers for the progression of cervical lesions and of CC. by Dr D. A. Salazar-Piña, Berta A. […]
March 2026
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